隧洞计算
Selected 隧洞.
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隧洞
- 隧洞
| 隧 洞 水 力 计 算 | |||||||||
| 一、基本数据: | |||||||||
| 设计流量Q | 20 | 洞身纵坡I | 0.0005556 | 洞身长L | 900 | 渠底高程▽1 | 134.6 | 渠水位▽2 | 137.6 |
| 说明: | 渠底宽b | 5 | 渠边坡系数m | 1.5 | 水深h1=h2 | 3 | |||
| 二、洞身断面尺寸计算: | |||||||||
| 初设: | 洞水深h | 2.7 | 砼糙率n | 0.014 | |||||
| 过水断面近似为矩形,按查表法及试算法计算洞宽 | |||||||||
| 1.利用表2-2查表计算:(见《隧洞》P34) | |||||||||
| (1)计算特性流量K=Q/(I)0.5 | 848.4942 | ||||||||
| (2)计算比值h2.67/(nK) | 1.1938901 | ||||||||
| (3)根据比值,由表2-2查得h/b | 0.674 | ||||||||
| (4)计算洞宽b | 4.0059347 | ||||||||
| 2.按公式试算: | |||||||||
| ω=bh | 10.816024 | R=bh/(b+2h) | 1.1499148 | C=R1/6/n | 73.111031 | ||||
| Q=ωC(Ri)0.5 | 19.987777 | (与设计Q=20基本吻合) | |||||||
| 三、进口水头损失: | |||||||||
| 1.按淹没式宽顶堰流量公式计算: | |||||||||
| 上游渠道流速v1=Q/ω1 | 0.7017544 | 侧收缩系数ε | 0.95 | 流速系数ψ | 0.95 | ||||
| 进口水头损失z1: | z0=(Q/(4ω))2 | 0.2137001 | |||||||
| z1=z0-v12/(2g) | 0.1886003 | ||||||||
| 2.按能量方程式计算: | |||||||||
| 洞身流速v =Q/ω | 1.8491084 | 进口水头损失系数ξ1 | 0.1 | ||||||
| 进口水头损失z1: | z1=(1+ξ1)(v2-v12)/(2g) | 0.1640885 | |||||||
| 最终取z1 | 0.18 | ||||||||
| 四、出口水面回升计算: | |||||||||
| 1.按与进口水头损失的关系计算: | |||||||||
| z2=z1/3 | 0.0628668 | ||||||||
| 2.按能量方程式计算: | |||||||||
| 出口水头损失系数ξ2 | 0.3 | 下游渠道流速v2=v1 | 0.7017544 | ||||||
| z2=(1-ξ2)(v2-v22)/(2g) | 0.10442 | ||||||||
| 最终取z2= | 0.07 | ||||||||
| 五、总水头损失及各部位高程计算: | |||||||||
| 总水头损失: | |||||||||
| z=z1+Il-z2 | 0.61004 | ||||||||
| 隧洞进口底部高程: | ▽3=▽2-z1-h | 134.72 | |||||||
| 隧洞出口底部高程: | ▽4=▽3-Il | 134.21996 | |||||||
| 出口渐变段末端下游渠道水位: | ▽5=▽2-z | 136.98996 | |||||||
| 出口渐变段末端下游渠底高程: | ▽6=▽5-h2 | 133.98996 | |||||||
| 设 计 荷 载 | |||||||||
| 设计组合如下: | |||||||||
| 1.不考虑岩石弹性抗力: | 垂直山岩压力+侧向水平山岩压力+衬砌自重 | ||||||||
| 2.考虑岩石弹性抗力: | 垂直山岩压力+岩石弹性抗力+岩石弹性抗力产生的摩擦力+衬砌自重 | ||||||||
| 围岩分类表: | 岩石坚硬系数及其他力学指标 | 表3-3 | |||||||
| 一、山岩压力: | |||||||||
| 一)基本数据: | γ岩 | 24 | |||||||
| 开挖宽B | 5.5 | 开挖高H | 5.5 |
(围岩为比较新鲜的、节理缝隙少的砂岩)
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| 二)计算: | |||||||||
| 1.按SD134-84《水工隧洞设计规范》计算:根据地质条件为Ⅱ类围岩,不计侧向水平山岩压力。 | |||||||||
| 垂直山岩压力强度q=(0.1~0.2)γ岩B | 13.2 | ||||||||
| 2.按普氏公式计算: | |||||||||
| 根据表3-2,选用岩石坚硬系数f | 6 | 内摩擦角ψ | 75 | γ岩 | 24 | ||||
| 1)按公式计算: | |||||||||
| 塌落拱高度h=(B+2Htg(45-ψ/2))/(2f) | 0.5790148 | ||||||||
| 垂直山岩压力强度q=0.7γ岩h | 9.7274485 | ||||||||
| 侧向水平压力强度:在洞顶面处e1=0.7γ岩htg2(45-ψ/2) | 0.1685998 | ||||||||
| 在洞底面处 e2=(0.7h+H)γ岩tg2(45-ψ/2) | 2.456474 | ||||||||
| e=(e1+e2)/2 | 1.3125369 | ||||||||
| 2)按简化公式计算: | |||||||||
| 根据表3-3,当岩石坚硬系数f=6,相应q、e系数为0.074、0.010 | |||||||||
| q=0.074γ岩B | 9.768 | ||||||||
| e=0.01γ岩H | 1.32 | ||||||||
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隧 洞 衬 砌 计 算(不考虑岩石弹性抗力作用)
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| 一、查表法计算圆拱直墙式衬砌断面(不考虑岩石弹性抗力作用) | ||||||||||||
| 一)基本资料: | ||||||||||||
| 1.洞身衬砌截面形式及尺寸: | ||||||||||||
| 洞身净宽B | 5 | 洞身净高H | 5.275 | 拱顶内半径r` | 2.5 | 直立墙高yh | 2.775 | |||||
| 衬砌厚度初拟d | 0.55 | (底板采用与顶拱及侧墙相同) | ||||||||||
| 2.设计荷载: | ||||||||||||
| 均布垂直山岩压力强度为q | 40 | 均布侧向水平山岩压力强度e(m=q/e) | 10 | |||||||||
| 3.衬砌材料: | (C15砼) | 弹性模量E | 22000000 | 砼容重γ砼 | 24 | |||||||
| 二)计算: | ||||||||||||
| 1.计算基本结构: | 计算矢高与顶拱计算半径的比值m=f/r | 2 | ||||||||||
| 计算矢高f=H+d/2 | 5.55 | 计算跨度L=B+d | 5.55 | 顶拱计算半径r=r+d/2 | 2.775 | |||||||
| 2.钢臂长度C: | Ac | 0.8055077 | (根据m=2,查表4-39得) | |||||||||
| C=Ac*r | 2.2352839 | |||||||||||
| 3.形常数计算: | ||||||||||||
| A11 | 2.5707963 | A22 | 1.0214853 | (根据m=2,查表4-39得) | ||||||||
| δ11=A11r/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | 7.1339597 | δ22=A22r3/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | 21.828359 | |||||||||
| 4.载常数计算: | ||||||||||||
| 1)垂直山岩压力: | A1q | -0.892699 | A2q | -0.256956 | (根据m=2,查表4-40得) | |||||||
| △1p=A1qqr3/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -763.0519 | △2p=A2qqr4/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -609.497 | |||||||||
| 2)衬砌自重作用: | 衬砌自重g=γ砼d | 13.2 | A1g | -1 | A2g | -0.301793 | (根据m=2,查表4-41得) | |||||
| △1p=A1ggr3/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -282.0739 | △2p=A2ggr4/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -236.2302 | |||||||||
| 3)矩形水平压力作用: | A1e | -1.344764 | A2e | -0.921944 | (根据m=2,查表4-42得) | |||||||
| △1p=A1eer3/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -287.3657 | △2p=A2eer4/(EJ)=数据/(EJ) | -546.7096 | |||||||||
| 4)载常数总和: | ||||||||||||
| △1p=数据/(EJ) | -1332.491 | △2p=数据/(EJ) | -1392.437 | |||||||||
| 5.多余未知力X1及X2计算: | ||||||||||||
| X1=-△1p/δ11 | 186.78147 | X2=-△2p/δ22 | 63.790261 | |||||||||
| 6.各截面弯矩值计算: | ||||||||||||
| qr2 | 308.025 | gr2 | 101.64825 | er2 | 77.00625 | |||||||
| 圆顶段各截面: | y-C=r-rcosα-C | 直墙段各截面: | y-C | |||||||||
| 各截面弯矩值:M=MP+X1+X2(y-C) | (利用表4-45及4-47) | |||||||||||
| 各截面MP计算表: | ||||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | 山岩垂直压力作用 | 系数 | 衬砌自重作用 | 系数 | 矩形侧向山岩压力作用 | 系数(m=2) | 合计MP | ||||
| 0 | α=0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 1 | α=15 | -10.31687 | -0.033494 | -3.42397 | -0.033685 | -0.04471 | -0.000581 | -13.78555 | ||||
| 2 | α=30 | -38.50312 | -0.125 | -12.99317 | -0.127825 | -0.6911 | -0.008975 | -52.18739 | ||||
| 3 | α=45 | -77.00625 | -0.25 | -26.67933 | -0.262467 | -3.303044 | -0.042893 | -106.9886 | ||||
| 4 | α=60 | -115.5094 | -0.375 | -41.36063 | -0.4069 | -9.625781 | -0.125 | -166.4958 | ||||
| 5 | α=75 | -143.6956 | -0.466506 | -53.18369 | -0.523213 | -21.15166 | -0.274675 | -218.0309 | ||||
| 6 | y=r | -154.0125 | -0.5 | -58.02045 | -0.570796 | -38.50312 | -0.5 | -250.5361 | ||||
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | -154.0125 | -0.5 | -58.02045 | -0.570796 | -60.16113 | -0.78125 | -272.1941 | ||||
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | -154.0125 | -0.5 | -58.02045 | -0.570796 | -86.63203 | -1.125 | -298.665 | ||||
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | -154.0125 | -0.5 | -58.02045 | -0.570796 | -117.9158 | -1.53125 | -329.9488 | ||||
| 10 | y=r+yh | -154.0125 | -0.5 | -58.02045 | -0.570796 | -154.0125 | -2 | -366.0454 | ||||
| 各截面M计算表: | ||||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | y-C(拱) | cosα | y-C(直墙) | X2(y-C) | X2(y-C) | 合计M | |||||
| 0 | α=0 | -2.235284 | 1 | -142.5893 | 44.192131 | |||||||
| 1 | α=15 | -2.140728 | 0.9659258 | -136.5576 | 36.438326 | |||||||
| 2 | α=30 | -1.863504 | 0.8660254 | -118.8734 | 15.72065 | |||||||
| 3 | α=45 | -1.422505 | 0.7071068 | -90.74198 | -10.94913 | |||||||
| 4 | α=60 | -0.847784 | 0.5 | -54.08035 | -33.79467 | |||||||
| 5 | α=75 | -0.178507 | 0.258819 | -11.38699 | -42.63647 | |||||||
| 6 | y=r | 0.5397161 | 0 | 0.5397161 | 34.428633 | -29.32597 | ||||||
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | 1.2334661 | 78.683126 | -6.72948 | ||||||||
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | 1.9272161 | 122.93762 | 11.054114 | ||||||||
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | 2.6209661 | 167.19211 | 24.024819 | ||||||||
| 10 | y=r+yh | 3.3147161 | 211.44661 | 32.182632 | ||||||||
| 7.各截面轴向力计算: | ||||||||||||
| qr | 111 | gr | 36.63 | er | 27.75 | |||||||
| N=NP+X2cosα | (利用表4-46及4-48) | |||||||||||
| 各截面NP计算表: | ||||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | 山岩垂直压力作用 | 系数 | 衬砌自重作用 | 系数(m=2) | 矩形侧向山岩压力作用 | 系数(m=2) | 合计NP | ||||
| 0 | α=0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||
| 1 | α=15 | 7.4355903 | 0.0669873 | 2.4820012 | 0.0677587 | -0.913339 | -0.032913 | 9.004253 | ||||
| 2 | α=30 | 27.75 | 0.25 | 9.589712 | 0.2617994 | -3.219705 | -0.116025 | 34.120007 | ||||
| 3 | α=45 | 55.5 | 0.5 | 20.342851 | 0.5553604 | -5.74713 | -0.207104 | 70.095721 | ||||
| 4 | α=60 | 83.25 | 0.75 | 33.219732 | 0.9068996 | -6.9375 | -0.25 | 109.53223 | ||||
| 5 | α=75 | 103.56441 | 0.9330127 | 46.314749 | 1.2643939 | -5.323332 | -0.191832 | 144.55583 | ||||
| 6 | y=r | 111 | 1 | 57.538268 | 1.5707963 | 0 | 0 | 168.53827 | ||||
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | 111 | 1 | 66.695768 | 1.8207963 | 0 | 0 | 177.69577 | ||||
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | 111 | 1 | 75.853268 | 2.0707963 | 0 | 0 | 186.85327 | ||||
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | 111 | 1 | 85.010768 | 2.3207963 | 0 | 0 | 196.01077 | ||||
| 10 | y=r+yh | 111 | 1 | 94.168268 | 2.5707963 | 0 | 0 | 205.16827 | ||||
| 各截面N计算表: | ||||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| 位置 | α=0 | α=15 | α=30 | α=45 | α=60 | α=75 | y=r | y=r+0.25yh | y=r+0.5yh | y=r+0.75yh | y=r+yh | |
| X2cosα | 63.790261 | 61.61666 | 55.243986 | 45.106526 | 31.89513 | 16.510134 | 0 | |||||
| N | 63.790261 | 70.620913 | 89.363993 | 115.20225 | 141.42736 | 161.06596 | 168.53827 | 177.69577 | 186.85327 | 196.01077 | 205.16827 | |
| 8.内力计算校核: | ||||||||||||
| 拱顶截面转角总和应为0: | △s0=s0/6=pi*r/12 | 0.7264933 | ||||||||||
| △s1=s1/4=yh/4 | 0.69375 | 校核: | 0.0077658 | (0.007766/(EJ)略为0) | ||||||||
| 9.应力计算: | F=bd=1*d | 0.55 | ||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 弯矩M | 轴向力N | 偏心矩e | 6e/d | N/F | 外缘应力σ外 | 内缘应力σ内 | |||||
| 0 | 44.192131 | 63.790261 | 0.6927724 | 7.5575169 | 115.98229 | 992.52042 | -760.5558 | |||||
| 1 | 36.438326 | 70.620913 | 0.5159707 | 5.6287718 | 128.40166 | 851.14531 | -594.342 | |||||
| 2 | 15.72065 | 89.363993 | 0.175917 | 1.919095 | 162.47999 | 474.29453 | -149.3346 | |||||
| 3 | -10.94913 | 115.20225 | -0.095043 | -1.036829 | 209.45863 | -7.714223 | 426.63148 | |||||
| 4 | -33.79467 | 141.42736 | -0.238954 | -2.606774 | 257.14066 | -413.1669 | 927.44819 | |||||
| 5 | -42.63647 | 161.06596 | -0.264714 | -2.887793 | 292.8472 | -552.8348 | 1138.5292 | |||||
| 6 | -29.32597 | 168.53827 | -0.174002 | -1.898202 | 306.43322 | -275.2388 | 888.10527 | |||||
| 7 | -6.72948 | 177.69577 | -0.037871 | -0.413136 | 323.08322 | 189.60592 | 456.56051 | |||||
| 8 | 11.054114 | 186.85327 | 0.0591593 | 0.6453745 | 339.73322 | 558.98838 | 120.47805 | |||||
| 9 | 24.024819 | 196.01077 | 0.1225689 | 1.337115 | 356.38322 | 832.90854 | -120.1421 | |||||
| 10 | 32.182632 | 205.16827 | 0.1568597 | 1.7111967 | 373.03322 | 1011.3664 | -265.3 | |||||
| 结论: | ||||||||||||
| 拱顶内缘出现拉应力值最大为760.556,而C15砼允许拉应力767,因此衬砌厚度刚好.拟订为0.55. | ||||||||||||
| 终拟衬砌砼厚d | 0.55 | |||||||||||
| 钢 筋 砼 衬 砌 计 算 | ||||||||||
| 一、基本资料: | ||||||||||
| 洞身净宽B | 5 | 洞身净高H | 5.275 | 拱顶内半径r` | 2.5 | 直立墙高yh | 2.775 | |||
| 钢筋衬砌厚度初拟d | 0.32 | |||||||||
| 受拉钢筋截面重心至受拉区边缘距离as | 0.04 | 受压钢筋截面重心至受拉区边缘距离as` | 0.04 | |||||||
| 热轧Ⅱ级钢筋,抗拉强度设计值、抗压设计值、弹性模量,fy、fy`、Es | 310 | 310 | 200000 | |||||||
| C20砼弹性模量Ee | 25500 | |||||||||
| 控制截面弯矩M、轴向力N及偏心距e0值: | (具体计算见衬砌(不计弹性抗力)) | |||||||||
| 截面编号 | 0(α=0) | 5(α=75) | 10(y=r+yh) | |||||||
| 弯矩M | 35.24 | -33.48 | 21.51 | |||||||
| 轴向力N | 56.39 | 134.6 | 159.8 | |||||||
| 偏心距e0 | 0.6249335 | -0.248737 | 0.1346058 | |||||||
| 二、截面O(拱顶截面)承载力极限状态计算: | ||||||||||
| 对于无压隧洞钢筋砼衬砌结构的控制断面,一般为大偏心受压构件(e0>0.3h0) | ||||||||||
| 计算单宽b | 1 | 有效截面高h0=h-as | 0.28 | 相对受压区高度ε=x/h0 | ||||||
| 计算η值: | ||||||||||
| 拱顶长L拱 | 2.66 | 侧墙长L墙 | 2.775 | 拱轴线长S | 11.131636 | 单位衬砌面积A | 0.32 | |||
| 砼轴心抗压设计值fc | 10000 | 钢砼结构系数rd | 1.2 | 相对界限受压区高度εb | 0.544 | |||||
| l0=0.36S | 4.0073891 | 截面高度h | 0.32 | |||||||
| ξ1=0.5fcA/(rdN) | 23.644854 | (ξ1>1,取ξ1 | 1 | |||||||
| ξ2=1.15-0.01*l0/h | 1.0247691 | |||||||||
| η=1+(l0/h)ξ1ξ2/(1400e0/h0) | 1.0514334 | e=ηe0+h/2-as | 0.777076 | |||||||
| αb=εb(1-0.5εb) | 0.396032 | 受压钢筋面积As`=(rdNe-fcαbbh0)/(fy`(h0-as`)) | -0.003466 | (<0) | ||||||
| 重新按最小配筋率ρmin计算受压钢筋面积As` | ||||||||||
| As`=ρminbh0 | 0.00042 | (式中最小配筋率按《规范》表9.5.1中“墙”构件项查取) | ||||||||
| 采用5φ12钢筋,实际As`=数据m2。 | 0.000566 | |||||||||
| 计算系数α=(rdNe-fy`As`(h0-as))/(fcbh02) | 0.0670167 | |||||||||
| ε=1-(1-2α)0.5 | 0.0694267 | 相对受压区高度x=εh0 | 0.0194395 | (<2as) | ||||||
| 属第3种情况,采用x=2as | 0.08 | (具体说明见《隧洞》P171) | ||||||||
| 受拉钢筋面积As: | e`=ηe0-h/2+as` | 0.537076 | ||||||||
| As=rdN e`/(fy(h0-as`)) | 0.0004885 | (采用5φ12钢筋,实际As | 0.000566 | |||||||
| 三、截面O(拱顶截面)正常使用极限状态验算: | ||||||||||
| 1.抗裂计算: | 砼截面重心至计算截面受压边缘距离yc`=h/2 | 0.16 | 砼截面面积Ac=bh | 0.32 | ||||||
| 钢筋与砼弹性模量比αE=Es/Ee | 7.8431373 | 计算换算截面面积A0=Ac+αE(As`+As) | 0.3288784 | |||||||
| 换算截面重心至受压边缘距离:y0=h/2 | 0.16 | 砼截面对其本身重心轴的惯性矩Ic=bh3/12 | 0.0027307 | |||||||
| 计算换算截面对其重心轴的惯性矩I0=Ic+Ac(y0-y`c)2+AsαE(h0-y0)2+As`αE(y0-as`)2 | 0.0028585 | |||||||||
| Nl=N | 56.39 | W0=I0/(h-y0) | 0.0178657 | |||||||
| 衬砌边缘拉应力σ=Nl(e0*A0-W0)/(A0*W0) | 1801.0304 | ( KN/m2) | ||||||||
| 砼轴心抗拉标准值ftk | 1.5 | 砼拉应力限制系数αct | 0.7 | 截面抵抗矩塑性指数rm | 1.705 | |||||
| 衬砌边缘拉应力[σ]=rm*αct*ftk | 1790.25 | (<1801.03,抗裂不满足要求) | ||||||||
| 2.裂缝宽度计算: | ||||||||||
| 有效受拉砼截面面积Ate=2asb | 0.08 | 因l0/h | 12.523091 | <14,取ηs | 1 | |||||
| 受拉钢筋有效配筋率ρte=As/Ate | 0.007075 | (ρte<0.03,取ρte | 0.03 | |||||||
| 截面重心至受拉钢筋合力点距离ys=yo-as | 0.12 | e=ηse0+ys | 0.7449335 | |||||||
| Z=(0.87-0.12(h0/e)2)*h0 | 0.238853 | σsl=Nl(e/Z-1)/As | 211093.37 | |||||||
| α1 | 1 | α2 | 1 | α3 | 1.6 | |||||
| 受拉钢筋直径d` | 0.012 | 最外层受拉钢筋外边缘至受拉区底边距c=as-d`/2 | 0.034 | |||||||
| ωmin=α1α2α3σsl(3c+0.1d`/ρte)/Es | 0.2398021 | (小于允许值0.25mm) | ||||||||
| 结论: | ||||||||||
| 全部顶拱及侧墙内外侧均采用5φ12,分布筋采用5φ8;洞底采用与上部衬砌厚度相同或略小的 | ||||||||||
| 素砼,不布置钢筋. | ||||||||||
| 隧 洞 衬 砌 计 算(考虑岩石弹性抗力作用) | |||||||||||
| 一、查表法计算圆拱直墙式衬砌断面(考虑岩石弹性抗力作用) | |||||||||||
| 一)基本资料: | |||||||||||
| 1.洞身衬砌截面形式及尺寸: | |||||||||||
| 洞身净宽B | 5 | 洞身净高H | 5.225 | 拱顶内半径r` | 2.5 | 直立墙高yh | 2.725 | ||||
| 衬砌厚度初拟d | 0.45 | (底板采用与顶拱及侧墙相同) | |||||||||
| 2.设计荷载: | (具体计算见上) | ||||||||||
| 均布垂直山岩压力强度q | 40 | 侧面及拱座抗力系数k | 500000 | ||||||||
| 3.衬砌材料: | C15砼 | ||||||||||
|
砼弹性模量E
|
22000000 | γ砼 | 24 | ||||||||
| 二)计算用表:(具体见《隧洞》p126,表4-39~4-48) | |||||||||||
| 三)计算: | |||||||||||
| 1.计算基本结构: | 计算矢高与拱顶计算半径的比值m=f/r | 2 | |||||||||
| 计算矢高f=H+d/2 | 5.45 | 计算拱跨l=B+d | 5.45 | 拱顶计算半径r=r`+d/2 | 2.725 | ||||||
| 2.刚度长度C: | 根据m=2,查表4-39,得计算系数Ac | 0.8055077 | |||||||||
| C=Ac*r | 2.195008483 | ||||||||||
| 3.形常数计算: | 根据m=2,查表4-39,得计算系数A11、A22、Ah1、Ah2 | 2.5707963 | 1.0214853 | 0.5 | 0.4305794 | ||||||
| 抗弯刚度EJ=Ebd3/12 | 167062.5 | ||||||||||
| δ11 | 4.19329E-05 | δ22 | 0.000123724 | δh1 | 2.22241E-05 | δh2 | 5.21523E-05 | ||||
| 4.载常数计算: | |||||||||||
| 1)垂直山岩压力作用: | 根据m=2,查表4-40,得计算系数A1q、A2q、Ahq | -0.8926991 | -0.2569565 | -0.25 | |||||||
| △1p | -0.004324995 | △2p | -0.003392397 | △hp | -0.003300556 | ||||||
| 2)衬砌自重作用: | 根据m=2,查表4-41,得计算系数A1g、A2g、Ahg | -1 | -0.3017932 | -0.285398 | |||||||
| △1p | -0.00130811 | △2p | -0.001075772 | △hp | -0.00101733 | g=dγ砼 | 10.8 | ||||
| 3)弹性抗力作用: | 根据m=2,查表4-43,得计算系数A1σ、A2σ、Ahσ | -0.5523689 | -0.4401546 | -0.337282 | |||||||
| △1p | -6.69036E-05 | △2p | -0.000145275 | △hp | -0.000111322 | (皆得乘以σh) | |||||
| 4)摩擦力作用: | 根据m=2,查表4-43,得计算系数A1T、A2T、AhT | -0.102259 | -0.0795999 | -0.060322 | |||||||
| 摩擦系数μ | 0.3 | ||||||||||
| △1p | -3.71572E-06 | △2p | -7.88172E-06 | △hp | -5.97283E-06 | (皆得乘以σh) | |||||
| 5)载常数总和: | |||||||||||
| △1p=数据+数据*σh | -0.00563311 | -7.06194E-05 | |||||||||
| △2p=数据+数据*σh | -0.00446817 | -0.000153157 | |||||||||
| △hp=数据+数据*σh | -0.00431789 | -0.000117294 | |||||||||
| 5.多余未知力X1及X2计算: | |||||||||||
| X1=-△1p/δ11=数据+数据*σh | 134.3360811 | 1.6841029 | |||||||||
| X2=-△2p/δ22=数据+数据*σh | 36.11410989 | 1.2378976 | |||||||||
| 最大抗力点h的变位值δh=△hp+X1δh1+X2δh2(数据+数据*σh) | 0.000551047 | -1.53076E-05 | |||||||||
| 弹性抗力图中最大抗力值σh=k*δh(数据+数据*σh) | 275.52341 | -7.653776875 | |||||||||
| σh | 31.83851591 | ||||||||||
| X1 | 187.9554169 | ||||||||||
| X2 | 75.52693238 | ||||||||||
| 6.各截面弯矩值计算: | |||||||||||
| qr2 | 297.025 | gr2 | 80.19675 | σhr2 | 236.4208797 | μσhr2 | 70.9262639 | ||||
| 圆拱段各截面:y-C=r-rcosα-C | 直墙段各截面: | y-C | |||||||||
| 各截面弯矩值:M=MP+X1+X2(y-C) | (利用表4-45及4-47) | ||||||||||
| 各截面MP计算表: | |||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | 山岩垂直压力作用 | 系数 | 衬砌自重作用 | 系数 | 弹性抗力作用 | 系数(m=2) | 摩擦力 | 系数(m=2) | 合计MP | |
| 0 | α=0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 1 | α=15 | -9.94843654 | -0.0334936 | -2.701387425 | -0.033685 | -12.64982 | |||||
| 2 | α=30 | -37.128125 | -0.125 | -10.25113353 | -0.127825 | -47.37926 | |||||
| 3 | α=45 | -74.25625 | -0.25 | -21.04901642 | -0.262467 | -95.30527 | |||||
| 4 | α=60 | -111.384375 | -0.375 | -32.6320255 | -0.4069 | -1.389989278 | -0.0058793 | -0.02681722 | -0.000378 | -145.4332 | |
| 5 | α=75 | -138.5640338 | -0.4665063 | -41.95998216 | -0.523213 | -10.55813093 | -0.0446582 | -0.42435893 | -0.005983 | -191.5065 | |
| 6 | y=r | -148.5125 | -0.5 | -45.77600817 | -0.570796 | -32.64291456 | -0.1380712 | -2.028171979 | -0.028596 | -228.9596 | |
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | -148.5125 | -0.5 | -45.77600817 | -0.570796 | -67.81657279 | -0.2868468 | -4.476390572 | -0.063113 | -266.5815 | |
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | -148.5125 | -0.5 | -45.77600817 | -0.570796 | -116.6891188 | -0.4935652 | -6.924609164 | -0.097631 | -317.9022 | |
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | -148.5125 | -0.5 | -45.77600817 | -0.570796 | -176.4899362 | -0.7465074 | -9.372827756 | -0.132149 | -380.1513 | |
| 10 | y=r+yh | -148.5125 | -0.5 | -45.77600817 | -0.570796 | -242.6014889 | -1.0261424 | -11.82104635 | -0.166667 | -448.711 | |
| 各截面M计算表: | |||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | y-C(拱) | cosα | y-C(直墙) | X2(y-C) | X2(y-C) | 合计M | ||||
| 0 | α=0 | -2.195008483 | 1 | -165.7823 | 22.17315963 | ||||||
| 1 | α=15 | -2.102156359 | 0.965925826 | -158.7694 | 16.5361717 | ||||||
| 2 | α=30 | -1.829927709 | 0.866025404 | -138.2088 | 2.367332027 | ||||||
| 3 | α=45 | -1.396874463 | 0.707106782 | -105.5016 | -12.85149266 | ||||||
| 4 | α=60 | -0.832508485 | 0.500000001 | -62.87681 | -20.35460221 | ||||||
| 5 | α=75 | -0.175290384 | 0.258819047 | -13.23915 | -16.79023391 | ||||||
| 6 | y=r | 0.529991518 | 0 | 0.529991518 | 40.0286335 | -0.975544344 | |||||
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | 1.211241518 | 91.48135619 | 12.85530152 | |||||||
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | 1.892491518 | 142.9340789 | 12.98725964 | |||||||
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | 2.573741518 | 194.3868016 | 2.190946298 | |||||||
| 10 | y=r+yh | 3.254991518 | 245.8395242 | -14.9161023 | |||||||
| 7.各截面轴向力计算: | |||||||||||
| qr | 109 | gr | 29.43 | σhr | 86.759956 | μσhr | 26.02798675 | ||||
| N=NP+X2cosα | (利用表4-46及4-48) | ||||||||||
| 各截面NP计算表: | |||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 位置 | 山岩垂直压力作用 | 系数 | 衬砌自重作用 | 系数(m=2) | 弹性抗力作用 | 系数(m=2) | 摩擦力 | 系数(m=2) | 合计NP | |
| 0 | α=0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| 1 | α=15 | 7.3016157 | 0.0669873 | 1.994138541 | 0.0677587 | 9.2957542 | |||||
| 2 | α=30 | 27.25 | 0.25 | 7.704756342 | 0.2617994 | 34.954756 | |||||
| 3 | α=45 | 54.5 | 0.5 | 16.34425657 | 0.5553604 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70.844257 | |
| 4 | α=60 | 81.75 | 0.75 | 26.69005523 | 0.9068996 | 0.510087808 | 0.0058793 | -1.733469123 | -0.0666 | 107.21667 | |
| 5 | α=75 | 101.6983843 | 0.9330127 | 37.21111248 | 1.2643939 | 3.87454346 | 0.0446582 | -6.351271244 | -0.244017 | 136.43277 | |
| 6 | y=r | 109 | 1 | 46.22853511 | 1.5707963 | 11.97905122 | 0.1380712 | -12.26971008 | -0.471405 | 154.93788 | |
| 7 | y=r+0.25yh | 109 | 1 | 53.58603511 | 1.8207963 | 11.97905122 | 0.1380712 | -18.64114521 | -0.716196 | 155.92394 | |
| 8 | y=r+0.5yh | 109 | 1 | 60.94353511 | 2.0707963 | 11.97905122 | 0.1380712 | -24.19920314 | -0.929738 | 157.72338 | |
| 9 | y=r+0.75yh | 109 | 1 | 68.30103511 | 2.3207963 | 11.97905122 | 0.1380712 | -28.13051451 | -1.08078 | 161.14957 | |
| 10 | y=r+yh | 109 | 1 | 75.65853511 | 2.5707963 | 11.97905122 | 0.1380712 | -29.62170212 | -1.138071 | 167.01588 | |
| 各截面N计算表: | |||||||||||
| 截面编号 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 位置 | α=0 | α=15 | α=30 | α=45 | α=60 | α=75 | y=r | y=r+0.25yh | y=r+0.5yh | y=r+0.75yh | y=r+yh |
| X2cosα | 75.526932 | 72.95341457 | 65.40824213 | 53.4056061 | 37.763466 | 19.54780863 | 0 | ||||
| N | 75.526932 | 82.24916881 | 100.3629985 | 124.2498627 | 144.98014 | 155.9805776 | 154.9378762 | 155.9239411 | 157.72338 | 161.14957 | 167.01588 |
| 8.内力计算校核: | |||||||||||
| 1)拱顶截面转角总和应为0: | △s0=s0/6=pi*r/12 | 0.7134033 | |||||||||
| △s1=s1/4=yh/4 | 0.68125 | 校核: | -0.000129 | (略为0) | |||||||
| 2)直墙顶的变位值δh | |||||||||||
| y1(6) | 0 | y1(7) | 0.68125 | y1(8) | 1.3625 | y1(9) | 2.04375 | y1(10) | 2.725 | ||
| δh | 6.53064E-05 | ||||||||||
| 原计算的变位值δh=σh/k | 0.000063677 | ||||||||||
| 误差: | 0.0249503 | ||||||||||
| 9.应力计算: | F=bd=1*d | 0.45 | |||||||||
| 截面编号 | 弯矩M | 轴向力N | 偏心矩e | 6e/d | N/F | 外缘应力σ外 | 内缘应力σ内 | ||||
| 0 | 22.17316 | 75.52693238 | 0.293579508 | 3.914393438 | 167.83763 | 824.8201352 | -489.1448802 | ||||
| 1 | 16.536172 | 82.24916881 | 0.201049712 | 2.680662826 | 182.77593 | 672.7365735 | -307.1847122 | ||||
| 2 | 2.367332 | 100.3629985 | 0.023587697 | 0.314502631 | 223.02889 | 293.1720567 | 152.8857143 | ||||
| 3 | -12.85149 | 124.2498627 | -0.10343265 | -1.379102011 | 276.11081 | -104.6741619 | 656.8957737 | ||||
| 4 | -20.3546 | 144.9801402 | -0.1403958 | -1.871943949 | 322.17809 | -280.9212353 | 925.2774139 | ||||
| 5 | -16.79023 | 155.9805776 | -0.10764311 | -1.435241419 | 346.62351 | -150.8649064 | 844.1119181 | ||||
| 6 | -0.975544 | 154.9378762 | -0.00629636 | -0.083951441 | 344.30639 | 315.4013741 | 373.2114093 | ||||
| 7 | 12.855302 | 155.9239411 | 0.082445976 | 1.099279681 | 346.49765 | 727.3954698 | -34.40017591 | ||||
| 8 | 12.98726 | 157.7233832 | 0.082342005 | 1.097893403 | 350.49641 | 735.3041001 | -34.31128592 | ||||
| 9 | 2.1909463 | 161.1495718 | 0.013595731 | 0.181276419 | 358.11016 | 423.0270869 | 293.1932322 | ||||
| 10 | -14.9161 | 167.0158842 | -0.08930948 | -1.190793109 | 371.14641 | -70.81217731 | 813.104996 | ||||
| 结论: | |||||||||||
| 拱顶内缘出现拉应力值最大为489.14,而C15砼允许拉应力767,因此可减薄衬砌厚度.拟订为0.4. | |||||||||||
| 终拟衬砌砼厚d | 0.4 | ||||||||||
| σ内=N/F-M/W | -642.676155 | ||||||||||
| 新 奥 法 及 喷 锚 支 护 | ||||||